MONDAY
EDITION: A
great Field Day at
the club, lots of
hams showed up and
the stations ran all
night. We had
Senator Tarr, a ham
who belongs to our
club, present us
with a proclamation
certificate praising
ham radio day in
Massachusetts as
well as the local
Mayor made an
appearance. The food
was great, and we
used the club
facility due to
rainy weather (we
are pussy's) and it
made the cleanup
easy....
K1TT and W1TAT
running FT8 for 2
points each a
contact all
night long....
A DEA officer
stopped at our
farm yesterday.
“I need to
inspect your
farm for illegal
growing drugs.”
I said, “Okay,
but don’t go in
that field over
there.”
The DEA officer
verbally
exploded,
saying, “Mister,
I have the
authority of the
federal
government with
me!” Reaching
into his back
pocket, the
officer pulled
out his badge
and shoved it in
my face. “See
this fucking
badge? This
badge means I am
allowed to go
wherever I wish…
on ANY land! No
questions asked
or answers
given! Do I make
myself clear? Do
you understand?”
I nodded
politely,
apologized, and
went about my
chores. A short
time later, I
heard loud
screams, looked
up, and saw the
DEA officer
running for his
life, being
chased by my big
old mean bull!
With every step
the bull was
gaining ground
on the officer
and it seemed
likely that he’d
get gored before
reaching safety.
The officer was
clearly
terrified.
So, I threw down
my tools, ran to
the fence, and
shouted at the
top of my lungs.
“Your badge, try
showing him your
fucking BADGE!”
FRIDAY
EDITION:
Field Day will be my
activity for the
weekend, weather
looks a little iffy
but that is what the
drill is all
about...operate in
any conditions...
A Number of
Microphones… er,
Inductors, Rather
There’s a famous
old story about
[Charles Steinmetz]
fixing a generator
for [Henry Ford]. He
charged a lot of
money for putting a
chalk X in the spot
that needed repair.
When [Ford] asked
for an itemization,
the bill read $1 for
the chalk, and the
balance for knowing
where to draw the X.
With today’s PCB
layout tools, it
seems easy to put
components down on a
board. But, as
[Kasyan TV] points
out in the video
below, youstill
have to know where
to put them.
The subject
components are
inductors, which are
particularly picky
about placement,
especially if you
have multiple
inductors. After
all, inductors
affect one another —
that’s how
transformers work.
So there are
definite rules about
good and bad ways to
put a few inductors
on a board.
However, in the
video, air-core
coils go through
several orientations
to see which
configuration has
the most and least
interference. Using
a ferrite core
showed similar
results. The final
examples use toroids
and shielded
inductors.
One reason
ferrite toroids are
popular in radio
designs is that
coils made this way
are largely
self-shielding. This
makes placement
easier and means you
don’t need metal
“cans” to shield the
inductors. How much
do they shield? The
orientation makes a
little difference,
but not by much. It
is more important to
give them a little
space between the
coils. Shields work,
too, but note that
they also change the
inductance value.
While we like the
idea of grabbing a
breadboard and a
scope to measure
things, we want to
point out that you
can alsosimulate.
If you didn’t
understand the
title, you probably
don’t listen toPropellerheads.
Satellite
Communications
Company AST
SpaceMoble Seeks Use
of 70 cm Amateur
Band
The Federal
Communications
Commission (FCC) in
the US has received
arequest
from AST SpaceMobileto
modify an existing
license that would
allow it to transmit
within the amateur
radio 70 cm band.
Specifically, the
company seeks the
use of the 430-440
MHz spectrum to
perform telemetry,
tracking, and
telecommand between
ground stations and
a constellation of
243 satellites in
low-earth,
non-geostationary
orbit.
Based on activity
within theAMSAT-DL
forums, it's
been suggested that
AST SpaceMobile has
interfered with the
70 cm amateur bands
in the past.Communications
Daily reportedin
2023 that Germany
required AST
SpaceMobile to shut
off operations when
in radio range of
the country. The
government cited
non-compliance with
ITU regulations.
AST SpaceMobileis
building a satellite
constellation based
cellular network
that can utilize
existing smart
phones. The company
is based in Midland,
Texas, US and is
publicly traded.
Rest in peace, NASA Relay 2 satellite. The spacecraft was one of two launched at different times in the 1960s by the US space agency to serve as experimental communication satellites. Unlike NASA’s Relay 1, which transmitted American TV signals into Japan and Europe, Relay 2 was used for barely a year. It stopped operations in 1965 and its transponders were believed to have died in 1967
The key word here is “believed” - because one year ago this month, researchers in Australia were certain they'd heard Relay 2 returning radio pulses to earth in much the same way some so-called "zombie" satellites, like the famous AMSAT OSCAR-7, have been known to do.
In this case, no seances or Ouija boards were necessary to understand this message from The Great Beyond. Some scientists theorize that the pulses came from the discharge of electrostatic energy, or ESD, that had built up on Relay 2 over time. Another theory is that its impact with a micrometeoroid released a cloud of plasma capable of sending such a signal.
Researchers plan to study both ESD and the micrometeoroid effect in the hope of a better understanding in the future. It's not about alien life or afterlife, then: Just breathing new life into solving more mysteries of space.
As record-breaking fires consumed huge sections of the Canadian province of Alberta, Wade Smith VK1MIC, was preparing for an activation that would take him into the heart of the destruction. As captain of the communications brigade in the New South Wales Rural Fire Service, Wade responded to Canada's request by traveling from Sydney with the Australian contingent. Wade added his specialised skills in air radio and dispatch to assist the joint Australian-Albertan Incident Management Team operating in the remote northern region of Alberta.
Facing the challenge of several large fires raging, Wade and his team handled more than 500 radio calls daily. The fire-fighting effort mustered more than 20 aircraft involved in operations across several large fires.
Wade, who is also the VK1 SOTA Association Manager, said his years of SOTA experience have served as great practice for staying focused, handling several stations at once and managing fast-moving communications pile-ups. He said " "These same skills are directly transferable to coordinating air operations under pressure." The fires posed hazards on the ground locally as well as for the air quality in much of North America. Weather experts attribute the conditions in the region to an ongoing trend of dry, warm conditions that have been worsened by the global climate crisis.
Just a reminder that the popular 13 Colonies Special Event runs from the 1st of July through to the 8th, UTC. Certificates are available at all levels of achievement. Shortwave listeners and hunters outside the US are welcome, Operators will be using all modes on all HF bands except for 60 metres. Be listening as well on 2 and 6 metres.
See the link in the text version of this week's Newsline script at arnewsline.org
The Jubilee Year for the Grimeton Radio Station in Sweden is well under way, having begun last December. The highest point of the year, however, will come on the 2nd of July - the exact date, 100 years ago, that the station's 200kW alternator sent a message across the Atlantic Ocean for receipt by the US president, Calvin Coolidge. The message reached the receiving station in Riverhead, New York - on Long Island - and the president had a reply sent, praising the new broadcaster and sharing his hopes for good relations between Sweden and the US.
July 2nd is nearly here and the 100-year anniversary of that historic message is being celebrated with a telegram to be transmitted from the station on 17.2 kHz using CW at 0900 UTC. The station will be using the original callsign, SAQ, .
The broadcast can be heard on a receiver with VLF capability and will also be live streamed on YouTube.
In the meantime, hams wishing to make contact with the amateur radio station SK6SAQ in CW or SSB should be listening on 80, 40 and 20 metres.
Details are available at alexander dot n dot se (alexander.n.se)
Youngsters on the Air - also known this year as YOTA France - is getting ready for its 13th edition. The camp will be taking place at the Chateau de Jambville near Paris from the 18th through to the 25th of August. It is being hosted by the French national amateur radio society, Réseau des Émetteurs Français or REF.
Although the camp serves primarily youngsters from throughout IARU Region 1, guest campers will be welcomed from Regions 2 and 3. About 100 young amateurs attend these camps each year, participating as teams representing their countries. Previous YOTA summer camps have been held in such countries as Czechia, Hungary, Croatia, Bulgaria, South Africa and Great Britain.
THURSDAY
EDITION:
The club is all set
for Field Day, we
will run 2F from the
club....looks like
rain and we are not
going to setup tents
nad go the full
route for the few
that actually show
up. The club will be
comfortable and the
kitchen is available
for food....
How I Got An Old
Ham Back On The Air
Created by
Matt Penttila NA1Q
I have known
Bill K1ANA for
over 31 years.
Bill and I met
back when I had
just gotten my
ticket in 1994,
he lived in
Shrewsbury MA,
and I lived in
Charlton MA.
Bill had been
licensed since
the 1950's, and
very
knowledgeable
about the hobby.
We would often
meet up at lunch
with other hams
in the area,
talk on my long
commutes in and
out of work at
the strangest of
hours, he was
like a monitor
there if I ran
into a problem
on the road,
Bill was there,
on frequency.
Then over the
years Bill's
health started
to decline, as
he was already
retired in his
late 50's when I
met him and I
was only 22 when
I got my ticket.
Then sadly his
vision started
to go. At first
he needed a
flashlight to
read the menu at
lunch, pretty
soon he had to
give up his
driver’s
license, and as
life would then
toss the
curveball, his
wife and himself
ended up moving
in with his
daughter across
the country to
Vancouver WA so
their daughter
could take care
of them in their
golden years and
help with the
medical
caretaking.
Now with Bill
on the other
side of the
country, I could
call him on the
phone but that's
no fun, so we
would utilize
Echolink as that
was at the time
easiest for him
to have set up
in his room. And
for a while that
worked out even
with the 3-hour
time difference.
But then he was
having further
vision problems,
couldn't read
the screen or
the keyboard.
He just about
gave up on the
hobby at that
point, being in
his Eighties,
Blind, and his
favorite hobby
hard to use
without help
seeing what he
changed or
bumped. He was
off Echolink for
months, and his
daughter even
noticed he was
miserable. I
felt bad hearing
this as he was a
good friend and
I wanted to
help.
So, I did
some research. I
knew there was a
local repeater
network AB7F
near him, that
had access via
Echolink. So,
his ham buddies
could talk to
him through
Echolink or
IRLP. Now the
problem, we
needed to find a
basic dual band
radio with no
display, no
keypad to
accidentally hit
a button, just a
plain business
band type ht.
And I found one,
the Tera TR-500
handheld at
GigaParts. Two
knobs, one for
frequency 1
through 16 and
one for
on/off/volume.
Programmed
with a computer,
I spent an
evening on the
phone with
Bill's daughter
walking her
through the
programming, she
had a fellow ham
from the area
come over to
help test it out
for Bill, and I
have never seen
him so happy.
Being back on
the air, talking
to locals on the
repeater and the
occasional
Echolink contact
back home has
improved his
spirits, and
bringing joy
back into a
hobby he thought
he was going to
give up on.
So, think
outside the box
sometimes and it
will surprise
you.
73 Matt,
NA1Q
Local, County,
and State
Governments Proclaim
Value of Amateur
Radio
The Amateur
Radio Service is
of great value
to communities
around the
nation. Through
served agencies,
the trained
corps of
technical and
civic-minded
operators
provide a
no-cost service
to the public
that has shown
to be valuable
before and When
All Else Fails®.
The 2025
hurricane season
has been
forecast to be
above normal by
the National
Oceanic and
Atmospheric
Administration
(NOAA). As we
saw just last
year in the
aftermath of
Hurricane
Helene, ham
radio saves
lives through
volunteers who
use their skills
and equipment
during
emergencies by
providing
surface weather
observations,
relaying
messages from
shelters, and
providing health
and welfare
information to
concerned loved
ones.
“While ARRL
Field Day is a
fun, social,
occasion to get
together and get
on the air, it
also serves as
an opportunity
to test
equipment in a
way that it
would be needed
in a time of
crisis. The same
people who come
to visit your
site under blue
skies are the
community
members who
would be served
in an identical
manner during
and after an
emergency,” said
ARRL Public
Relations and
Outreach Manager
Sierra Harrop,
W5DX.
In
recognition of
the value of
amateur radio,
government
officials at all
levels have
issued
proclamations
and citations
across the
country. On theARRL
amateur radio
proclamations
page, you
can see the many
official
documents that
have been sent
to us at ARRL
Headquarters.
“We all know
how great the
ham community
is, but seeing
all the
proclamations
come in around
Field Day gives
perspective to
the efforts of
radio amateurs.
To have a
governor or a
councilmember
recognize June
as Amateur Radio
Month truly
honors the
impact hams have
on their
community,” said
Harrop.
WEDNESDAY
EDITION:
Another steamy one
here and all of New
England...
Long-Dead NASA
Satellite Suddenly
Emits Powerful Radio
Pulse
Scientists from
Curtin
University
suggest the
signal might
have been caused
by an
electrostatic
discharge
(ESD)—a sudden
release of
built-up charge
on the
satellite’s
surface.
In a
twist worthy
of science
fiction,
scientists
have
detected a
strange
radio pulse
from what
appears to
be a
long-dead NASA satellite.
On June
13, 2024,
researchers
at the
Australian
Square
Kilometre
Array
Pathfinder
(ASKAP)
observed a
signal
lasting less
than 30
nanoseconds.
The
emission did
not come
from deep
space, but
from Earth’s
orbit—specifically,
from the
location of
NASA’s Relay
2 satellite,
which has
been silent
since the
1960s.
Relay 2,
launched in
1964,
followed its
predecessor
Relay 1,
which was
famous for
transmitting
the first
live
television
signal from
the U.S. to
Europe and
Japan.
TUESDAY
EDITION; 86
degrees and humid at
9am, no ocean
breeze....its going
to be a low key day
here on Cape
Ann..LoTW is going
offline for upgrades
thru Field Day, good
planning.....
AMSAT-UK to Test
Super Black Paint on
CubeSat
AMSAT-UKwill
partner with Surrey
NanoSystems and a
number of
universities
includingUniversity
of Surreyto
test a special black
paint on an upcoming
CubeSat deployment.
When applied to a
surface, the super
black paint,Vantablack,
is designed to
absorb 98% of light.
The goal of the
partnership is to
demonstrate
potential solutions
to reducing light
pollution as it
relates to
astronomy.
This high
level of light
absorption makes
the coated
surfaces appear
extremely dark,
helping to
minimise the
unwanted
brightness from
satellites that
can disrupt the
work of
stargazers.
TheJovian-1CubeSat
mission containing
this experiment is
scheduled to launch
in 2026. More
information will be
available at theAMSAT-UK
Colloquiumtaking
place in October.
Physicists use
AI to hunt for UAPs
and UFOs
Their new
interdisciplinary
method is
inspired by the
search for dark
matter.
An international
team of physicists
has developed a new
methodology to aid
NASA and other
government agencies
in their ongoing
investigations intounidentified
aerial phenomena(UAPs).
The result is a
novel strategy
integrating a
specially designedartificial
intelligenceprogram
that was partially
inspired by the
physicists’ own hunt
forelusive
dark matter.
More popularly
known as
unidentified flying
objects or UFOs,
UAPs aren’t
necessarily
considered as
outlandish as they
were decades ago.
Setting aside the
various theories
that point to
mysterious visitors
from another planet,
analysis
increasingly centers
on determining more
worldly
explanations. UAPs
are often explained
by classified
experimental
aircraft,
astronomical events,
or simply a case of
mistaken drone
identity. Meanwhile,
a small percentage
of sightings
continue to baffle
experts.
Over the last few
years, the US
government has
attempted to present
amore
transparent approachto
itsUAP
research, while
themilitary
continues a campaigntodestigmatize
reporting sightingsamong
its ranks. In
November 2024,
Congress held a
publicly televised
joint subcommittee
hearing about UAPs
featuring a former
US Navy rear admiral
and NASA
administrator. While
not without itsfair
share of criticism,
these and similar
events are shifting
the overarching
narrative around
unidentified aerial
phenomenon.
Researchers like
Matthew Syzdagis at
the University at
Albany have followed
this evolving
discourse for years.
An associate
professor of physics
focused on dark
matter, Syzdagis
recently began
collaborating with
over 30 colleagues
around the world to
determine if this
approach to hunting
dark matter could be
adapted to the
search for UAPs.
Their results,
published this month
in the journalProgress
in Aerospace Studies,
offer a new
interdisciplinary
methodology to
review the past and
future UAP
sightings.
“As this
process moves
forward, it’s
critical that future
study of UAPs
follows a rigorous,
repeatable method
that can be tested
and confirmed by
other researchers,”
Syzdagis said
in a statement.
“We aim to establish
a roadmap for these
efforts with this
paper.”
The team relied
on an array of
datasets and tools
to build their
framework, including
publicly available
Doppler weather
information from the
National Weather
Service (NWS). The
NWS data was used to
corroborate
observations from
additional equipment
and determine if any
of them
simultaneously
recorded a given
anomaly. They then
utilized Cosmic
Watch, a
radiation-detection
system, to assess if
a target UAP
observed by infrared
cameras was
accompanied by
ionizing radiation.
To help analyze
the infrared data,
Szydagis created a
new software program
called Custom Target
Analysis Protocol
(C-TAP) that
utilizes machine
learning alongside
human verification
to review individual
camera frames on a
pixel-by-pixel
basis. Inspired by
similar strategies
used to scan for
direct evidence of
dark matter, C-TAP
then flags and
separates actual UAP
observations from
any digital noise.
Finally, these
results were
overlaid with
trigonometric
calculations to
exclude any known
objects in the sky
like satellites or
the International
Space Station.
To test it all
out, Szydagis and
colleagues used
their new
methodology to
review observable
light and infrared
images collected on
a 2021 field
expedition around
Laguna Beach,
California, amid a
period of heightened
UAP reports. In
total, the team
reviewed about one
hour of triggered
visible and
night-vision video
footage along with
over 600 hours of
infrared data and 55
hours of background
radiation
measurements. Of the
multiple anomalies
initially flagged,
researchers were
able to offer
plausible and likely
explanations for all
sightings except for
one—a collection of
bright white dots
inside a dark spot
recorded across
multiple videos. And
even then, it seems
unlikely that the
UAP event was
unique.
“At this point,
none can be
classified as true
anomalies, although
further study of
remaining
ambiguities may
alter this
conclusion,” the
study’s authors
wrote in their
conclusion.
Moving forward,
the team hopes their
methodology will
help more
researchers around
the world continue
to vet UAP sightings
on a scientific,
unbiased basis.
“Given the
longstanding, global
nature of the
UAP/UFO question,
[and] the air safety
and security
implications of
their presence…
studying and
understanding these
phenomena is of
great and urgent
importance,” added
University at Albany
physics professor
and study lead
author Kevin Knuth.
MONDAY
EDITION: I
guess its hot
everywhere but
thankfully it's
always 10 degrees
cooler here on the
island and being
across the street
from the beach
helps...
Local, County,
and State
Governments Proclaim
Value of Amateur
Radio
The Amateur
Radio Service is
of great value
to communities
around the
nation. Through
served agencies,
the trained
corps of
technical and
civic-minded
operators
provide a
no-cost service
to the public
that has shown
to be valuable
before and When
All Else Fails®.
The 2025
hurricane season
has been
forecast to be
above normal by
the National
Oceanic and
Atmospheric
Administration
(NOAA). As we
saw just last
year in the
aftermath of
Hurricane
Helene, ham
radio saves
lives through
volunteers who
use their skills
and equipment
during
emergencies by
providing
surface weather
observations,
relaying
messages from
shelters, and
providing health
and welfare
information to
concerned loved
ones.
“While ARRL
Field Day is a
fun, social,
occasion to get
together and get
on the air, it
also serves as
an opportunity
to test
equipment in a
way that it
would be needed
in a time of
crisis. The same
people who come
to visit your
site under blue
skies are the
community
members who
would be served
in an identical
manner during
and after an
emergency,” said
ARRL Public
Relations and
Outreach Manager
Sierra Harrop,
W5DX.
In
recognition of
the value of
amateur radio,
government
officials at all
levels have
issued
proclamations
and citations
across the
country. On theARRL
amateur radio
proclamations
page, you
can see the many
official
documents that
have been sent
to us at ARRL
Headquarters.
“We all know
how great the
ham community
is, but seeing
all the
proclamations
come in around
Field Day gives
perspective to
the efforts of
radio amateurs.
To have a
governor or a
councilmember
recognize June
as Amateur Radio
Month truly
honors the
impact hams have
on their
community,” said
Harrop.
LED Probe: A
Smart, Simple
Solution for Testing
LEDs
If you’ve worked
on a project with
small LEDs, you know
the frustration of
determining their
polarity. This
ingeniousLED
Probefrom
[David] packs a lot
of useful features
into a simple,
easy-to-implement
circuit.
Most multimeters
have a diode test
function that can be
used to check LEDs;
however, this goes a
step further. Not
only will the probe
light up an LED, it
will light up no
matter which side of
the LED the leads
are touching. A
Red/Green LED on the
probe will indicate
if the probe tip is
on the anode or
cathode.
The probe is
powered by a single
CR2032 battery, and
you may notice
there’s no on/off
switch. That’s
because the probe
enters a very
low-current sleep
mode between uses.
The testing
intelligence is
handled by either an
ATtiny85 or, in the
newest version, an
ATtiny202, though
the basic concept
and design are
compatible with
several other chips.
All the design files
for the PCB, the
ATtiny code, a parts
list, and a detailed
explanation of how
it works are
available on
[David]’s site, so
be sure to check
them out. Once you
build one of these
probes, you’ll want
something to test it
on, so explore some
of theLED
projectswe’ve
featured in the
past.
Whether you
are just starting to
learn Morse code or
are already an
experienced
operator, the GB2RS
Morse Practice web
page is just what
you need to brush up
your skill! Created
by GB2RS Newsreader
Graham, G4JBD, you
can select different
sections of the
latest RSGB news
which are then
played in Morse code
at […] Radio Society
of Great Britain –
Main Site – Read
More
WEEKEND
EDITION:
In the next town
over on the island,
a nightmare of
traffic jams, 5-10 k
expected: The
250th Anniversary
Reenactment of
The Battle of Bunker
Hill aims to
accurately portray
the events and
faithfully represent
the people involved
in the conflict of
June 17, 1775. Our
mission is to
celebrate and
commemorate the
actions and
sacrifices of the
men and women of all
sides of theBattle of
Bunker Hill through
careful research,
public
demonstrations,
civic engagement and
educational
outreach.
ARRL Announces
Logbook of The
World® Systems
Upgrade
ARRL’s
Logbook of The
World® (LoTW®)
is the 2nd most
popular benefit
among members.
It is also an
extremely
popular service
internationally
for non-members,
as it is the
primary means
for providing
confirmations
for ARRL Awards,
such as DXCC and
Worked All
States.
As a
part of the
ongoing
modernization of
the ARRL systems
infrastructure,
LoTW will be
receiving major
upgrades to the
operating system
it is running
on, the
relational
database system
it uses to store
and access
logbook and
awards data, and
server hosting,
where it will be
fully migrated
to the cloud.
These changes
will, among
other
improvements,
ensure LoTW
performance
needs can be
better met based
on user demand.
LoTW
will be
unavailable from
June 27 to July
2, 2025, to
complete these
upgrades. We
will bring LoTW
back online if
it is available
sooner than
July 2.
If you
are a user of
LoTW and not an
ARRL member,
please become a
supporter of
LoTW by making a
$20 (or more)
donation to the ARRL
LoTW Fund or
visit www.arrl.org/donate.
Very
73, and see you
on the air!
David
A. Minster,
NA2AA
ARRL CEO
About
Logbook of The
World®
Logbook of The
World® -- LoTW®
-- is a
web-accessed
database and
repository that
enables you to
submit
electronic logs
for amateur
radio contacts
(QSOs) and for
confirmation
(QSLs). Users
can view
submitted QSOs
and resulting
QSLs online.
Radio amateurs
can use LoTW to
track their
progress toward
achievements and
awards, such as
The ARRL Worked
All States
Award, and
amateur radio’s
premier award,
DXCC®, in which
membership is
achieved by
confirming
on-the-air
contacts with
100 countries.
LoTW was
introduced by
ARRL in 2003.
Today, over 2.1
billion QSO
records have
been entered
into the system.
Amateur Radio
Newsline Report
RADIO SIGNALS HAVE
'UPWARD PROPAGATION'
THROUGH ICE, STONE
SKEETER/ANCHOR: We
begin this week with
a scientific
discovery about
radio waves that
researchers say
defies the laws of
physics. These
signals didn't come
from somewhere above
- but from deep down
below the surface of
the earth. Kevin
Trotman, N5PRE,
tells us about this
so-called "upward
propagation."
KEVIN: Radio signals
picked up by a NASA
high-altitude
balloon have been
leaving scientists
baffled. The
balloon, part of
NASA's experiment
known as Antarctic
Impulsive Transient
Antenna, or ANITA,
was floating 40
kilometres above the
continent, in search
of neutrinos and
other particles when
its sensitive radio
antennas
unexpectedly picked
up signals that were
coming from
someplace below -
way below - the
Antarctic's frozen
surface. Physicists
say that for that
kind of reception to
occur the radio
waves would have had
to have penetrated
6,000 to 7,000
kilometres, or 3,700
to 4,300 miles, of
solid ice and stone.
Although the balloon
project has since
been retired,
researchers continue
to study these
unexplained
transmissions and
recently published
their findings in
the journal,
Physical Review
Letters. The
researchers say that
by all models of
physics, the signals
should have been
absorbed by the rock
and gone undetected.
Scientists know that
these are not
neutrinos - the
particles that they
had expected - but
are still trying to
narrow down what
kind of radio
signals they're
dealing with.
Meanwhile, with the
ANITA project
retired, the next
instruments to have
a go at the mystery
will be on board a
work in progress: A
Pennsylvania State
University team is
building something
bigger and, they
hope, better: The
Payload for
Ultrahigh Energy
Observation mission.
This is Kevin
Trotman N5PRE
(GIZMODO, NEWSWEEK)
**''
ISLAND DXPEDITION
WILL BE TRIBUTE TO
SILENT KEY
SKEETER/ANCHOR: For
one ham in the US, a
return to a favorite
DXpedition spot in
the North Atlantic
will have another
purpose this year.
It will serve as a
tribute to a friend
for whom that island
was home. Andy
Morrison K9AWM
brings us that
story,
ANDY: For Eric
Williams, KV1J, his
planned trip to St.
Pierre & Miquelon
Island, IOTA Number
NA-032, is for a
solo activation--
but even as he calls
CQ as FP/KV1J
starting on the 28th
of June, Eric will
not be totally
alone. He will carry
the memory of a
local amateur who
was his friend,
Jean-Pierre Carrere,
FP5CJ. Jean-Pierre,
who was known in the
ham community as a
welcoming, helpful
and personable radio
operator, especially
to visitors, became
a Silent Key last
September.
Eric will remain on
the air through to
the 14th of July and
will participate in
the IARU HF World
Championship on the
12th and 13th of
July. It is his 17th
trip to the island
in the North
Atlantic, not far
from Newfoundland.
This is Andy
Morrison K9AWM.
(QRZ.COM)
**
TEEN CW CHAMP TRIES
TO TOP OWN WORLD
RECORD
SKEETER/ANCHOR:
Here's one for the
record books. A
teenager from
Romania is preparing
to beat the world
record he set last
year for speed in
copying callsigns
sent in CW. It's set
to happen this month
in Germany, as we
hear from Jeremy
Boot G4NJH.
JEREMY: Ham Radio
2025 at Messe
Friedrichshafen,
Germany, will have
plenty to offer
international
visitors when the
three-day event
opens on the 27th of
June. One scheduled
event in particular
is likely to draw a
crowd as it
showcases the
achievement of Ianis
Scutaru, YO8YNS, who
set the world record
in callsign
receiving in Morse
Code last year.
In a demonstration
sponsored by the
Romanian Federation
of Amateur Radio,
Ianis will attempt
to beat that record
before a panel of
judges from Guinness
World Records and
the IARU. It forms
part of a larger
exhibit by the
Romanian amateur
radio group which is
demonstrating
high-speed
telegraphy as its
centerpiece.
In case you were
wondering, at the
age of 13, Ianis won
a gold medal at the
20th IARU High Speed
Telegraphy World
Championship with a
record-setting
maximum copy speed
of 1,126 characters
per minute - an
equivalent just
exceeding 225 words
per minute.
This is Jeremy Boot
G4NJH.
(LUCIAN YO8SLC)
**
CHICAGO RACE PUTS
HAMS ON THE RUN
SKEETER/ANCHOR: This
month, hams in the
heart of Chicago
showed a good bit of
heart themselves
during a popular
half-marathon. Jen
DeSalvo, W9TXJ,
takes us there.
CAREY PINKOWSKI:
We’ve seen a lot of
things over the
years with the ham
operators. They're
the most dependable
way of
communication.
JEN: For three and a
half decades, Carey
Pinkowski has been
the race director of
the Bank of America
Chicago Marathon,
and in that time, he
has watched his race
grow from just a few
thousand runners to
over fifty-thousand
finishers in 2024.
CAREY: At the
marathon last year,
we had close to
2,000 medical
volunteers…
JEN: And of those,
about 150 amateur
radio operators
coordinating medical
treatment and
transport. The
partnership began in
2008 after a
dangerous October
heat wave cut the
2007 event short. On
a course with all
asphalt and no
shade, water became
scarce, and
communication was
lacking.
CAREY: We didn’t
have cell phones!
JEN: Runner Kate
Saccany,
Kilo-Eight-Sierra-Lima-Foxtrot
(K8SLF), was a
participant in the
Chicago Marathon
that year, and like
many hams, she was
trained in emergency
communications. It
was after that event
that she, Pinkowski,
and other amateur
radio operators
devised a plan to
put hams on the run.
Sixty-eight hams
helped out that
first year in 2008,
and since that time…
CAREY: They
participate in our
planning meetings
and our operational
design of things. A
lot of it's geared
toward emergency or
crisis
communications.
JEN: And it’s not
just for the
26.2-mile race in
October. On Sunday,
June 1st, 40 hams
assisted medical
teams for the Bank
of America 13.1, the
half-marathon
version. For their
primary repeater,
volunteer hams used
a Yaesu DR-2X in
analog mode with a
“pace” of 25 watts
off the rooftop of
Chicago’s Historic
Mount Sinai
Hospital. The backup
repeater had an
inverted antenna mag
mount and a
world-class view, as
it was housed atop
Chicago's tallest
skyscraper, the
Willis Tower, in the
ABC Chicago WLS-TV
transmitter suite.
These special ham
teams aren't unique
to Chicago.
They also assemble
for other World
Marathon Majors such
as Boston and New
York.
They play an
important role at
the Marine Corps
Marathon and several
others across the
globe.
So, when distance
runners are in need
of a hero,
CAREY: It's the ham
operators that are
there to save the
day.
JEN: In Chicago, I'm
Jen DeSalvo, W9TXJ
**
HAMS JUST WANT TO
HAVE FUN
SKEETER/ANCHOR:
Let's face it:
amateur radio can be
hard work,
especially lately
with the sun sending
some geomagnetic
storms our way.
Still, it's June and
for many of us that
signals a chance to
have a little more
fun in spite of it
all. Geri Goodrich,
KF5KRN, offers us a
few options -- in a
few modes.
GERI: Young hams
around the world
have once again
declared this "Meme
Appreciation Month,"
even though this
activity actually
runs through to the
15th of August. From
Hungary to the
Philippines, Canada
and Austria, the
popular activity of
sharing icons and
text is spelled out
in the operators'
clever callsigns
used specifically
for this event. Most
participants use FT8
and SSTV.
Meanwhile, CW
operators in the
Straight Key Century
Club have just
wrapped up another
round of the monthly
RandomGram exercise,
decoding randomly
generated letter and
number combinations.
The 24-hour event
began on Thursday,
June 19th.
Finally, there's
Hamword, in which
amateurs sharpen
their skills using
Winlink by playing a
game based on the
wildly popular
mainstream
word-based guessing
game - Wordle. This
is the third year
participants will be
transmitting
five-letter words to
the HAMWORD station.
It's a lively,
highly competitive
activity in which
results are posted
on a leaderboard.
For technical
requirements and
rules, see the
websites in the text
version of this
week's Newsline
script.
Don't forget that
hams just WANNA have
FUN!
This is Geri
Goodrich, KF5KRN.
**
THREE CHARGED WITH
THEFT OF RADIO
STATION'S COPPER
WIRING
SKEETER/ANCHOR:
There's been a
setback for yet
another broadcast
radio station that
has been hit by
copper-wire theft.
Sel Embee KB3TZD
brings us the
latest.
SEL: Three men were
arrested in Memphis,
Tennessee, and
charged with the
theft of copper
wiring from a local
AM radio station,
temporarily knocking
it off the air.
Radio Ambiente, WGSF
1030 AM, the city’s
first Hispanic radio
station which had
been broadcasting
for 30 years, went
silent on Sunday,
May 18th. The
station, which
serves a regional
audience, was able
to return to the air
this month after the
FCC granted a
license for its use
of the on-site
translator at 101.5
FM.
According to news
reports, the
station’s owner
discovered copper
wiring and copper
components were
stolen after he
visited the
transmitter towers
to determine the
source of the
problem. Police said
the transmitter
building had been
broken into. Copper
wiring that ran
underground to the
radio towers had
been cut - the
copper cables and
other components
were missing. The
station's owner,
Sergio Butron, told
local media that it
appeared the thieves
gained access after
breaking through a
chain-link fence and
several locks. An
engineer at the
station said
replacing the
equipment will cost
an estimated
$170,000 on top of
engineering fees.
Police report that
three suspects were
arrested less than a
half-mile from the
transmitter towers.
The men were found
with the stolen
copper cables in
front of a nearby
house.
This is Sel Embee,
K-B-3-T-Zed-D.
(RADIO WORLD, WREG
MEMPHIS)
**
GRANT HELPS ADVANCE
ALBERTA GROUP'S
IP400 DIGITAL
PROJECT
SKEETER/ANCHOR: The
Alberta Digital
Radio Communications
Society has learned
it can proceed with
its IP400 Project by
autumn, thanks to a
grant from Amateur
Radio Digital
Communications that
will permit the
hiring of necessary
technical personnel.
Many amateurs got a
preview of IP400 at
Hamvention in Xenia,
Ohio. The data
communications
system was
demonstrated using
Raspberry Pi Zero H
A T transceivers. "H
A T" stands for
Hardware Attached On
Top. The system's
goal is to deliver
over-the-air data
speeds of at least
100 kilobytes per
second, a speed that
far exceeds that of
most current amateur
radio data systems.
According to the
IP400 website, the
project first aims
to present an
assembled node to
developers,
experimenters and
others for testing.
(ARDC, IP400
WEBSITE)
**
WRTC ANNOUNCES
WINNERS IN
SPONSORED-TEAM
BIDDING
SKEETER/ANCHOR: The
World Radiosport
Team Championship
isn't taking place
until next year but
this season, there
was a bit of
competition before
the big competition
- and now there are
two winners. Jason
Daniels VK2LAW tells
us who they are.
JASON: Organisers of
the World Radiosport
Team Championship
have announced that
two teams of
seasoned
DXpeditioners and
contesters are going
to the 2026
competition in the
UK after placing the
winning bids to
secure a place in
the running. All
other competitors in
this international
Olympic-style radio
event qualify by
virtue of their
contest records but
these two sponsored
teams -- one headed
by Adrian, KO8SCA,
and the other by
Cezary, SP5Y --
secured spots as
winning bidders in
an auction. The
minimum bid was
20,000 US dollars.
The opportunity to
purchase spots in
the competition is a
way of helping the
event with its
substantial budget.
All teams are bound
by the same
operating rules.
This is Jason
Daniels VK2LAW.
(WRTC LIST)
**
WORLD OF DX
In the World of DX,
HA8PX, HA8LLH and
YO5OED [Y OH 5 OH E
D] will be active as
TCØMAR from Marmara
Island, IOTA number
AS-201, from June
30th through to July
5th. Listen on 30,
20, 17 and 15 metres
where the operators
will be using CW,
SSB and FT8. They
may also be
operating their
personal callsigns
with the TCØ prefix.
QSL via their home
calls.
Michel, F5LRL will
be on the air
holiday style as
CN2DX in Morocco
from the 25th of
June through to the
30th of August using
CW, SSB and FT8.
Look for Michel on
40-6 metres, QSL via
his home call.
Listen for the
callsign TM5RE from
Re Island, IOTA
number EU-032, in
the Bay of Biscay
until the 22nd of
June. It is being
activated by the
team of F2VX, F4WEO
and F9IE holiday
style using SSB, CW,
FT4 and FT8. QSL via
LoTW.
Eric, GM5RDX and
Graham, 2MØIJU are
using the callsigns
J38DX and J38LD,
respectively, from
Grenada, IOTA number
NA-024, from the 5th
through to the 13th
of July, operating
mainly SSB with some
FT8 on 80-10 metres.
See QRZ.com for QSL
details.
(425 DX BULLETIN)
**
KICKER: REMEMBERING
NEWSLINE'S BILL
PASTERNAK, WA6ITF/SK
SKEETER/ANCHOR: We
leave you this week
with these final
thoughts:
Anniversaries aren't
always for
celebrating - and
what follows here is
one of those
examples. Ten years
ago, on June 12th,
2015, Newsline lost
its cofounder,
producer, writer -
and friend, Bill
Pasternak WA6ITF. We
thought it
appropriate that Jim
Davis, W2JKD, one of
Bill's original team
members for 36
years, rejoin us
this week to mark
this very personal
occasion for
Newsline. Jim?
JIM: I first met
Bill Pasternak in
the early 1970s on a
very popular 2-meter
repeater while I was
working as a DJ in
New York City. We
quickly discovered
we shared many
hobbies and
interests. Bill was
deeply interested in
broadcasting and was
also an accomplished
multi-engine pilot.
He and Sharon were
newlyweds at the
time, and my family
enjoyed spending
time with them at
many social events
organized by our
local ham radio
group.
But, as is typical
in broadcasting, our
careers took us in
different directions
and to different
cities. Maybe it was
karma, but both Bill
and I eventually
landed in Los
Angeles—he had
secured a job at the
Fox TV station, and
I joined KHJ Radio.
It was wonderful to
reconnect with my
old friend.
Bill was incredibly
ambitious. He had
more hobbies than
fingers and toes! He
shared with me his
vision of creating a
newscast for the
amateur radio
community. In 1977,
he brought that
vision to life with
the launch of the
WestLink Amateur
Radio News. Bill
invited me to be one
of the presenters.
Little did I know
that would be the
start of a 36-year
journey with what
would eventually
become Amateur Radio
Newsline.
Over the next three
decades, my career
took me to many
cities—Dallas,
Detroit, Pittsburgh,
Los Angeles (again),
Charleston, West
Virginia, Daytona
Beach, Grand Rapids,
Long Branch, New
Jersey, back to
Daytona, then
Sarasota, and
finally Vero Beach.
I had Mayflower Van
Lines on speed dial!
In those early days
during the ’70s,
Bill would gather
the news, write a
script, and call me
on the phone
(remember when
long-distance was
expensive?). He’d
read the script
aloud, and I’d type
it as he spoke. Once
finished, I’d head
to a production
studio to record and
edit the script.
Then I’d drive to
the post office to
air mail a 7-inch
reel of tape to Los
Angeles. Bill would
splice in the
actualities and
transfer the final
version to a
20-minute cartridge
tape. That tape
machine was set to
auto-answer the
phone line at Bill
Ornstein’s home,
distributing the
news to the ham
community.
As technology
evolved, so did we.
In 1981, Bill and I
each bought
Commodore 64
computers. With the
addition of a
telephone handset
modem, we reduced
the scripting
process from hours
to minutes. Reels of
tape gave way to
cassettes, and a
decade later,
digital audio
revolutionized how
Amateur Radio
Newsline was shared
on the Internet.
While the delivery
systems changed, one
thing remained
constant: our
friendship and
Bill’s unwavering
commitment to this
project.
This week marks the
10th anniversary of
Bill’s passing. His
legacy continues to
resonate throughout
the amateur radio
community. Bill was
a deeply spiritual
man, and I believe
he would be honored
to know that the
Amateur Radio
Newslineteam
continues to deliver
this weekly missive
with the same
passion and purpose
he instilled in it
from the beginning.
They say we are
known by the company
we keep, and in
Bill’s case, his
presence and
contributions to our
hobby are truly
enduring. I was
personally honored
to be part of his
vision for 36
consecutive years.
This is my first
time back behind the
microphone since his
passing. I find it
poetic that Bill
left us at age 73.
In our world, that’s
no coincidence.
73, my friend.
This is Jim Davis,
W2JKD
FRIDAY
EDITION:
Congratulations to
the Mass
StateJudiciary
system, it cost them
millions of dollars
to convit her for
driving under the
influence with a one
year probtion
sentence.Way to go
with my tax money.....Why
your fingers wrinkle
in water (and what
it can reveal about
your health)
ARRL is
Hiring....good
luck being the
membership manager!
ARRLis
currently seeking to
fillfour
rolesat
its headquarters in
Newington,
Connecticut. The
four roles include:
Membership
Manager
Advertising
Sales Manager
Production
Coordinator
Senior RFI
Lab Engineer
Among the
qualifications
for each
position is a
desire for
experienced
radio amateurs,
individuals who
will thrive in a
collaborative
results-driven
environment, and
a commitment to
advancing ARRL’s
mission.
THURSDAY
EDITION: Fogged in
on the island this
morning but the sun
is going to burn
through...
Crowdsourcing
SIGINT: Ham Radio at
War
I often ask
people: What’s the
most important thing
you need to have a
successful fishing
trip? I get a lot of
different answers
about bait,
equipment, and
boats. Some people
tell me beer. But
the best answer, in
my opinion, is fish.
Without fish, you
are sure to come
home empty-handed.
On a recent visit
to Bletchley Park, I
thought about this
and how it relates
to World War II
codebreaking. All
the computers and
smart people in the
world won’t help you
decode messages if
you don’t already
have the messages.
So while Alan Turing
and the codebreakers
at Bletchley are
well-known, at least
in our circles,
fewer people know
about Arkley View.
The problem was
apparent to the
British. The Axis
powers were sending
lots of radio
traffic. It would
take a literal army
of radio operators
to record it all.
Colonel Adrian
Simpson sent a
report to the
director of MI5 in
1938 explaining that
the three listening
stations were not
enough. The proposal
was to build a
network of
volunteers to handle
radio traffic
interception.
That was the
start of the Radio
Security Service
(RSS), which started
operating out of
some unused cells at
a prison in London.
The volunteers?
Experienced ham
radio operators who
used their own
equipment, at first,
with the particular
goal of intercepting
transmissions from
enemy agents on home
soil.
At the start of
the war, ham
operators had their
transmitters
impounded. However,
they still had their
receivers and, of
course, could all
read Morse code.
Further, they were
probably accustomed
to pulling out Morse
code messages under
challenging radio
conditions.
Over time, this
volunteer army of
hams would swell to
about 1,500 members.
The RSS also
supplied some radio
gear to help in the
task. MI5 checked
each potential
member, and the
local police would
visit to ensure the
applicant was
trustworthy. Keep in
mind that radio
intercepts were also
done by servicemen
and women
(especially women)
although many of
them were engaged in
reporting on voice
communication or
military
communications.
Early Days
The VIs
(voluntary
interceptors) were
asked to record any
station they
couldn’t identify
and submit a log
that included the
messages to the RSS.
The hams of the
RSS noticed that
there were German
signals that used
standard ham radio
codes (like Q
signals and the
prosign 73).
However, these
transmissions also
used five-letter
code groups, a
practice forbidden
to hams.
Thanks to a
double agent, the
RSS was able to
decode the messages
that were between
agents in Europe and
their Abwehr
handlers back in
Germany (the Abwehr
was the German
Secret Service) as
well as Abwehr
offices in foreign
cities. Later
messages contained
Enigma-coded groups,
as well.
Between the RSS
team’s growth and
the fear of bombing,
the prison was
traded for Arkley
View, a large house
near Barnet, north
of London. Encoded
messages went to
Bletchley and, from
there, to others up
to Churchill. Soon,
the RSS had orders
to concentrate on
the Abwehr and their
SS rivals, the
Sicherheitsdienst.
Change in
Management
In 1941, MI6
decided that since
the RSS was dealing
with foreign radio
traffic, they should
be in charge, and
thus RSS became SCU3
(Special
Communications Unit
3).
There was fear
that some operators
might be taken away
for normal military
service, so some
operators were
inducted into the
Army — sort of. They
were put in uniform
as part of the Royal
Corps of Signals,
but not required to
do very much you’d
expect from an Army
recruit.
Those who worked
at Arkley View would
process logs from
VIs and other radio
operators to
classify them and
correlate them in
cases where there
were multiple logs.
One operator might
miss a few
characters that
could be found in a
different log, for
example.
It soon became
clear that the RSS
needed full-time
monitoring, so they
built a number of Y
stations with two
National HRO
receivers from
America at each
listening position.
There were also
direction-finding
stations built in
various locations to
attempt to identify
where a remote
transmitter was.
Many of the
direction finding
operators came from
VIs. The stations
typically had four
antennas in a
directional array.
When one of the
central stations
(the Y stations)
picked up a signal,
they would call
direction finding
stations using
dedicated phone
lines and send them
the signal.
The operator
would hear the phone
signal in one ear
and the radio signal
in the other. Then,
they would change
the antenna pattern
electrically until
the signal went
quiet, indicating
the antenna was
electrically
pointing away from
the signals.
The DF operator
would hear this
signal in one
earpiece. They would
then tune their
radio receiver to
the right frequency
and match the signal
from the main
station in one ear
to the signal from
their receiver in
the other ear. This
made sure they were
measuring the
correct signal among
the various other
noise and
interference. The DF
operator would then
take a bearing by
rotating the dial on
their
radiogoniometer
until the signal
faded out. That
indicated the
antenna was pointing
the wrong way which
means you could
deduce which way it
should be pointing.
The central
station could plot
lines from three
direction finding
stations and tell
the source of a
transmission. Sort
of. It wasn’t
incredibly accurate,
but it did help
differentiate
signals from
different
transmitters. Later,
other types of
direction-finding
gear saw service,
but the idea was
still the same.
Interesting VIs
Most of the VIs,
like most hams at
the time, were men.
But there were a few
women, including
Helena Crawley. She
was encouraged to
marry her husband
Leslie, another VI,
so they could be
relocated to Orkney
to copy radio
traffic from Norway.
In 1941, a single
VI was able to
record an important
message of 4,429
characters. He was
bedridden from a
landmine injury
during the Great
War. He operated
from bed using
mirrors and special
control extensions.
For his work, he
receive the British
Empire Medal and a
personal letter of
gratitude from
Churchill.
Results
Because of the
intercepts of the
German spy agency’s
communications, many
potential German
agents were known
before they arrived
in the UK. Of about
120 agents arriving,
almost 30 were
turned into double
agents. Others were
arrested and,
possibly, executed.
By the end of the
war, the RSS had
decoded around a
quarter of a million
intercepts. It was
very smart of MI5 to
realize that it
could leverage a
large number of
trained radio
operators both to
cover the country
with receivers and
to free up military
stations for other
uses.
WEDNESDAY
EDITION:
The sad tale of
TenTec
continues...They
want $500 up front
and $3750 for a
radio that looks
like a homebrew
radio. I owned
TenTec and swore by
my Omni6+ and Omni7
but wouldn't go near
that outfit now...
Ten Tec Phoenix
Club
The Phoenix club
is intended to
garner support for
the relocation of
Ten Tec to the new
Dishtronix factory
in Dayton, Ohio.
The Ten Tec Model
594 Phoenix is an
all new from the
ground up dual
direct digital down
conversion (DDC)
software defined
radio (SDR) sporting
a number of
innovative and
unique at this time
features. It costs a
tremendous amount of
money to secure
critical parts for
such a machine. For
example there is,
per unit costs of
$125 in each of two
ADCs, $75 in each of
two FPGAs, $100 in
the DSP, $100 in the
display which
tallies over $600
per unit already,
not including
circuit boards,
coils, capacitors,
resistors, other
semiconductors,
switches, inductors,
finals, heatsinks,
connectors, buttons,
knobs, controls and
sheet metal parts,
not to mention
packaging, labor,
royalties, or
overhead. We are
asking prospective
customers to commit
a $500 dollar
deposit to buy the
radio by joining the
Phoenix club. This
commitment is not
because the company
is insolvent. It is
frankly to protect
me, Mike Dishop,
N8WFF, the owner of
Ten Tec from you
changing your mind.
What do I mean? Many
companies take
deposits for new
products. Alpha has
always taken a
deposit when
ordering an amp. I
have taken checks
but never cashed
them before. What
I’ve found is that
sometimes customers
back out if I have
not cashed the
checks and I’m left
holding the bag for
the expensive parts
I’ve bought until
another order comes
in. The Phoenix is a
big investment in
parts, nearly the
biggest I’ve ever
made. By taking the
deposit on a non
cancellable order
basis I’m assured
you will write me
the check I need to
cover this
investment. The
$3750 introductory
price doesn’t have a
lot of margin and we
really need to sell
every one of them
quickly at that
price.
So what do you
get with your
Phoenix club
membership?
A $500 gift
certificate /
merchandise
credit to be
used as a
deposit on your
new Phoenix
transceiver
Model 594, or
redeemable for
other
merchandise from
Ten Tec, Alpha
or Dishtronix.
Shipping in
the lower 48
states at no
charge
A nice
membership
certificate
thanking you for
being
instrumental in
the relaunch of
Ten Tec in the
new Dayton
facility
Your name
and call on a
Phoenix Club
plaque to be
displayed inside
the Ten Tec
lobby thanking
you for your
participation in
the relaunch of
Ten Tec in
Dayton
Guaranteed
pricing and
delivery of one
of the first 100
Model 594
transceivers.
Mike’s
personal
gratitude for
supporting our
dream of
continuing Ten
Tec’s legacy.
Occasionally
a news letter
email regarding
progress of
things here in
Dayton.
Whatever
other nice
things I (Mike)
can think of to
do in the future
like
preferential
pricing on new
orders, or first
dibs on new
products, etc.
In making the
Phoenix club we at
Ten Tec want to
foster a more
personal
relationship with
you and share more
visibility with you
of what we are
doing, and give you
an opportunity to
have more input at
Ten Tec. We are
offering you an
exciting opportunity
to be a part of not
just a new radio but
a new company
essentially and an
opportunity to
network with other
Phoenix club
enthusiasts.
By selling
membership in a club
we avoid several
complications and
possible
entanglements in the
process. As we
expect prices to
rise and lead times
to extend, you may
want to even
consider buying two
or more radio/
memberships and to
sell one at a profit
once you have them.
A question was asked
what will happen if
we don’t get 100
memberships sold. We
will simply order
enough material for
what we have orders
for when the cut off
date comes. When
will you receive
your new radio? We
intend to begin
manufacturing and
shipping in the 4th
quarter of 2025.
Like all things this
could change due to
circumstances beyond
our control. If we
have the parts and
labor we will ship
radios! Please be
patient. We will do
everything we can to
fulfill the orders
as fast as we
possibly can. Some
people have
expressed concern
about the deposit if
the radio does not
happen. First this
radio IS happening
short of the death
of Mike or
Konstantine. If
radios are unable to
be shipped within
one year of
advertised delivery
you may request a
refund of your
deposit and cancel
you Phoenix Club
membership.
Get news as it is
released here:https://groups.io/g/TentecPHOENIX
How to join:
Please
contactsales@tentec.comwith
your name,
call, email
address,
telephone,
and shipping
address.
After
receiving an
acknowledgement,
print a copy
and mail
with your
deposit
check to:
Dishtronix
Inc. /
Ten Tec
Company
PO
BOX
24222
Huber
Heights,
OH 45424
That’s it – you
are in!
MODEL 594
PHOENIX –coming
soon
PRELIMINARY
SPECIFICATION
SUBJECT TO
CHANGE WITHOUT
NOTICE
GENERAL:
GENERAL COVERAGE:
300 KHZ-55 MHz,
Specifications
guaranteed in
Amateur bands.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE:
13.8V ± 15%
FREQUENCY
ACCURACY: ± 5 Hz @25
C
FREQUENCY
STABILITY: ± 0.5 PPM
over operating
temperature range
DIMENSIONS (HWD):
4.14 x 9.06 x TBD
inch, 105 x 230 x
TBD mm, (excluding
connectors)
FRONT CONNECTORS:
Headphones, Mic:
1/8thinch
stereo plug 2 x USB2
REAR CONNECTORS:
RF: 2 x SO-239.
Accessory Connector,
Band Data Connector,
Power Connector.
HDMI connector, USB3
connector,
Predistortion input
RECEIVER:
SINGLE ADC: Two
receivers in same
band (Main and Sub)
(with SECOND ADC
option) Two
receivers in any
band
ADAPTIVE
PREDISTORTION:
Internal, and sample
port from external
amplifier
TX / RX RECOVERY
TIME: < 20 ms
RISE AND FALL
TIME: 5 ms
CW OFFSET:
adjustable
CW KEYER SPEED:
5-50 WPM, Adjustable
weighting/
CW KEYER: Curtis
Mode B, USB Keyboard
CW MEMORIES: 10
TRANSMIT CURRENT
DRAIN: 20A Typical
ANTENNA TUNER:
TYPE: Reversible
L network
MATCHING
FREQUENCY RANGE:
160-10m, no 6m.
MATCHING RANGE
10:1 SWR typical
REMOTE CONTROL:
Full Remote
Station Control
using Client/ Server
architecture.
Embedded web
server with no
external software
ready to go out of
the box.
A brief history
of modern Ten Tec
and how the Phoenix
came about.
Many of you know
Ten Tec was acquired
by RF Concepts who
liquidated most of
Ten Tec’s production
assets such as the
circuit board
assembly equipment
as well as the tool
and die, machine,
plastic injection
molding and sheet
metal shops. They
shifted everything
to a complete
outsourcing model
and ran fire sale
and liquidation
pricing, squeezing
Ten Tec like a big,
fat orange until
there wasn’t even
any pulp left, then
declared bankruptcy
leaving the
remaining assets to
RKR which was formed
as what appeared to
be a debt
liquidation company.
There were some IP
issues which opened
a dialog between
N8WFF and the owners
who indicated they
just wanted a way to
recover some of
their money and had
no interest in ham
radio business. They
were about to
auction everything
off at Ten Tec
because it was too
far away to deal
with. I loved Ten
Tec and believed in
Ten Tec so against
better judgement I
offered to purchase
the entire thing as
it was. Jan 1 2016
Ten Tec officially
became a subsidiary
of Dishtronix, Inc.
Every radio that
could be built from
parts had been built
and there was no
money to buy new
parts because
creditors would not
have anything to do
with Ten Tec.
Fortunately I had
cash to put in to
bail out their
unfulfilled
commercial contracts
which enabled me to
get Ten Tec back to
an operational
status. I also
started repairing
the backlog of
radios that had been
sitting a couple of
years there and got
all of them back to
their owners. I kept
repairing radios
usually for a couple
of hundred dollars,
a loss
when you consider a
Tech might work two
or three days on
some of them, and
started supplying
parts again, also at
a loss, just to
support the good
will of the Ten Tec
customer base. It
was OK because I was
making money in
other areas which I
could subsidize the
ham radio customers.
I managed to get
RX340 and RX331
production restarted
and had just began
with the
introduction of the
Omni VII+. I had
successfully cleaned
up the mess that was
Ten Tec and had them
on stable financial
footing. Then COVID
hit and the rug was
pulled completely
out from under us.
One of the chip
factories burned
down and without
those chips we were
unable to build new
radios as we had
intended. I was
faced with a real
dilemma. Completely
redesign existing
radios with the
obstacle of not
having the original
team, having to used
antiquated and poor
performing layout
software and to
rewrite man years of
code using obsolete
and unsupported
development
environments which
were no longer
available – OR – do
a new radio.
I procrastinated
for a time expecting
the parts shortages
would solve itself.
It did not however.
Ham radio is a very
small and
insignificant, even
non existent market
as far as chip
makers are
concerned. For many
years we benefited
from and built on
the chips developed
for analog cell
phones and analog
television. When
those industries
went digital, the
demand for analog
mixers and IF chips
dried up. Further
when televisions and
monitors went to LCD
the high voltage
market of
capacitors, etc
dried up. The
manufacturers saw
COVID as an excuse
to purge all
unprofitable
components from
their catalog and
that is exactly what
they did. Not only
were the parts we
needed not coming
back, they are NEVER
coming back.
Redesign is the only
choice left.
I decided rather
than to try to
reinvent the past to
go with something
new. During all this
transitioning,
someone from Europe
approached me about
a partnership for a
new short
wave radio he was
developing. I was
very impressed but
found that he was
actually the
marketing guy and
not the technical
guy who actually
developed the radio.
Those two eventually
parted ways and the
connection went
silent. A year or
two later, I don’t
exactly remember
when, Konstantine,
the technical guy,
contacted me about a
potential
partnership on a new
kit he had
developed. It was
very impressive and
really a work of art
considering one man
had done most of it.
We had long
discussions about
what it would take
to become a Ten Tec
and many technical
exchanges under non
disclosure, etc.
Unfortunately we
couldn’t reach an
agreement that would
work for everyone
and we agreed to
just disagree on
some things and lost
touch. I could
clearly see that war
was coming and that
it would be brutal
and tried to warn
Konstantine to get
out, but he
dismissed it saying
this sort of thing
happens all the
time. War came and
the connection went
silent for a long
time. Then one day,
I received
information from my
friend telling me he
was hiding in the
forest outside Kiev,
and that the war was
far worse than the
news media was
telling us. Grave
yards were
overflowing with no
one to bury the dead
and any man under 65
was being abducted
right off the street
and pressed into
trench warfare at
the tip of a gun in
his back. He didn’t
want all his work to
just disappear and
said I was the one
person he knew who
understood and
appreciated all that
he had done, and was
deserving because I
was ethical and had
not stolen from him,
and did I want it
for free to carry
on, yes or no? I of
course accepted but
said “Why didn’t you
let me know sooner?
Maybe I can help..”,
He had also sent me
a picture of his
family and
absolutely adorable
5 year old daughter.
I made my mind up
right then and there
that this adorable
little child wasn’t
going to grow up
without a daddy in a
hell hole, because
you know what
happens to children
in that situation.
I mobilized every
resource I had.
Making phone calls
to people in places
that might help. We
planned extraction
missions by sea and
by air, but how do
you extract a 5 year
old underwater? In
the end he filed
some special
paperwork and it
took a long time to
get approved. Maybe
some of my calls
helped with that. I
started a prayer
chain too and there
were MANY hams
praying for that
family to be
delivered.
Eventually he got
approval to leave.
On the day he got to
the border the
papers didn’t help.
The crossing guards
held him up for
almost 8 hours and
were not going to
let him out. Then a
miracle happened.
The guards started
acting like they
were drunk and
confused and
couldn’t understand
what was going on.
One of those
frustrated, dazed
and confused guards
waved to him and he
was across the
border family and
all! I later told
him what had
happened, that the
power of so many
prayers moved the
Holy Spirit to
confuse those guards
and let his family
cross. Anyone
reading, scoff if
you will but never
doubt the power of
the Holy Trinity.
Today that little
girl and her family
are doing just fine.
My motivations are
not to become rich
or build an empire,
but to be able to
help those who
really need it,
because I know first
hand what it is like
to want help and to
need help and for no
one to be there. We
can’t take material
wealth to the grave.
Wealth however IS a
tool we can use to
help other people
with. What we do
take is what we
learn from one
another by helping
each other. I could
make a lot more
money using my
skills to make
things to kill each
other with, but I
prefer to make
things that can help
each other and that
make each other
happy. That is the
spirit behind the
Phoenix – to make a
positive difference
and we hope you will
use it that way. As
an engineer I hope
to leave the world a
better place than I
found it.
With my friend
safe we decided to
do a new radio using
what he has
accomplished as a
starting point and
Phoenix was born. We
decided to develop
an entirely new what
Ten Tec calls the
SPU (Signal
Processing Unit)
which is a plug in
DSP module utilizing
a quad core ARM
processor operating
at 1.3 GHZ with
integral DSP cores
and GPUs, 1GB RAM,
32GB EMMC memory,
Bluetooth, Wifi and
1GB Ethernet PHY, HD
HDMI, etc. A new
front panel layout
was done as well as
a new display
carrier with a
native 1920 x 1280
High Definition
AMMOLED (similar to
OLED) display. The
ADC and FPGA were
modified to be a
dual channel system.
N8WFF has designed a
new version of the
Orion II
preselectors and a
new transmit power
amplifier chain
based on the Eagle.
Low pass filters and
antenna tuner from
the Eagle are
adopted as well as
the VFO knob, while
Argonaut 6 knobs
help on the
concentric controls
with construction
and distribution
techniques from the
Omni 7+. We took the
best that Ten Tec
ever did in anything
that I could use and
joined it with what
is probably the most
technologically
intense signal
processing unit ever
built for a civilian
radio, and we
present it to you as
the Phoenix. Named
in authentic Ten Tec
fashion for the
Greek mythological
Fire Bird which rose
from the ashes to
rebirth, just as Ten
Tec is relaunching
after all the
unfortunate events
of the last near
decade. We, the
designers and
builders of the
Phoenix feel we have
delivered something
as powerful, or more
powerful than any of
our competitors in a
form factor smaller
and lighter than
theirs and at a
significantly lower
price. It is fast,
it is beautiful, and
it sounds good. It
is also fully
remotable right out
of the box with
nothing to add.
When you buy a
Ten Tec you are not
just buying a radio,
you are helping fund
our mission to help
those in need, to
assist those less
fortunate, to offer
a hand up, not a
hand out to anyone
needing it. We
manufacture
everything, circuit
board assembly etc.
in our own facility
that we own and
improve with lots of
power necessary for
manufacturing and
proper antistatic
flooring and other
facilities necessary
to really do the job
right. Before Ten
Tec was liquidated,
we made metal
cabinets for most of
the products in ham
radio, and we
endeavor to bring
that back offering
manufacture of
circuit boards up to
finished products
and distribution for
hams with a dream of
a product but no way
to get it too
market. We support
America First, pro
First Amendment,
backed and
guaranteed by the
Second Amendment. I
am the guy who
developed and
brought you high
power legal limit
plus reliable solid
state amplifiers
over two decades ago
with my Prometheus
DX2400L1 amplifier
and the Hermes board
which became the
basis for the Apache
Labs SDR which was
my concept but I was
not allowed to work
on it because I was
a commercial guy.
With your backing
and my new facility
in Dayton I will be
able to bring more
new technology to
ham radio. I work
with the best
engineers in the
world because they
reach out and find
me and find a home
for kindred spirits,
a place where
exceptional talent
is appreciated and
encouraged instead
of suppressed. If we
can’t give you
something better,
why would we bother?
We have stiff
competition from the
Japanese and Chinese
with their near
infinite funding. It
is up to you, the
customer to decide
who shall lead the
communications
technology race.
Without your funding
we can’t compete and
will go away. It is
that simple. When
you buy a Ten Tec,
you bring our next
generation radios
that much closer to
reality while
getting a solid
performer you can
use daily in your
station. Ten Tec has
a long history of
innovation and
bringing you
technical firsts and
with your support we
will continue to do
so. I’ve come this
far with no
financial backing or
support. Imagine
what I might do with
100 of you behind
me, or 1000 of you,
or 10,000 of you.
What kind of
difference could Ten
Tec make then?
HAM RADIO
International
Amateur Radio
Exhibition June
27-29
One of the
largest amateur
radio events in
Europe takes place
June 27-29 in
Friedrichshafen,
Germany. The event
isHAM
RADIO, an
International
amateur radio
exhibition expecting
to host more than
11,000 visitors, 400
exhibitors, and 100
lectures. The theme
for 2025 is “REMOTE
RADIO – CONNECTING
THE WORLD”
One of the
advantages of
remote operation
is that it
allows amateur
radio operators
who are unable
to set up a
station and, in
particular, an
antenna at their
place of
residence, to
operate. In the
event of a
disaster, remote
stations can be
used as
emergency radio
stations,
replacing
destroyed but
essential
communication
structures. In
educational
settings, they
can help to
teach amateur
radio technology
to students,
with minimal
technical effort
required.
TUESDAY
EDITION: I
am out the door
early getting my
wife to the hospital
for a CT scan in
prep for her lung
procedure tomorrow,
a biopsy of the
lump in her lung...
SAQ Grimeton On
the Air for 100th
Anniversary July 2nd
On July 2nd,Grimeton
Radio Stationin
Sweden will
celebrate the100th
anniversaryof
its inaugural
transmission.
Officially
inaugurated on Juy
2nd, 1925, the 200kW
Alternator made
contact with Long
Island in the US.
The king of
Sweden, Gustav
V, the inventor
of the amazing
200kW Alternator
and the massive
six tower
antenna, Ernst
F.W.
Alexanderson, as
well as the vice
president of
Radio
Corporation of
America, David
Sarnoff was
there, together
with several
other prominent
guests. The
large and shiny
Alexanderson
Alternator was
put to life and
a message to the
American
president Calvin
Coolidge was
transmitted to
the receiving
station at
Riverhead, Long
Island NY, USA.
The american
president
replied and
assessed the new
radio
installations as
crucial for
relations
between Sweden
and the USA.
Callsign SAQ will
be on the air on VLF
17.2 kHz CW on July
2, 2025.
First
Transmission
10:20 CEST
(08:20 UTC) Live
YouTube
broadcast begins
10:30 CEST
(08:30 UTC)
Start-up of the
Alternator
11:00 CEST
(09:00 UTC)
Transmission of
a message
Second
transmission
14:20 CEST
(12:20 UTC) Live
YouTube
broadcast begins
14:30 CEST
(12:30 UTC)
Start-up of the
Alternator
15:00 CEST
(13:00 UTC)
Transmission of
a message
A test
transmission will
occur on July 1
between 13:00 –
16:00 CEST. Tickets
are available for
those wishing to
attend in person.
Transmissions will
be streamed onYouTube.
The amateur radio
stationSK6SAQwill
be on the air as
well:
With the help
of amateur radio
operators, a
potential
wildfire was
averted in
California on
June 12. Amateur
“ham” radio is a
thriving
technical hobby
with members
active all over
the world. Hams
often operate
from remote
locations, and
several of them
wound up in the
right place at
the right time
while preparing
to participate
in the2025
ARRL June VHF
Contest.
Robert"Bobby"Debevec,
W6IWN, and Jacob
T. "Jake"Graham,
KC7WXD, both
ARRL members
from the Reno,
Nevada area,
were hiking on
the Grouse Ridge
Trail in
California, a
section of the
Tahoe National
Forest. In
addition to
getting ready
for the contest,
they had hoped
to also activate
several Summits
on the Air
(SOTA)
locations. Their
day of using the
Amateur Radio
Service for
recreation was
going well until
they saw smoke
near the Black
Buttes area and
had to use it
for its utility
value.
“I was
surprised to see
smoke ahead of
us,” said
Graham. “As we
got closer, it
was clear there
had been a
lighting hit
several days ago
and we could
also see
flames.”
Wireless
service is
spotty in
portions of the
eastern Sierra,
and they didn’t
have a cell
signal, so
Debevec used his
handheld ham
radio to report
the fire on a
nearby repeater.
In just seconds,
Dan Patterson,
W6AI, responded
back. He was
monitoring the
Nevada County
Amateur Radio
Club linked
repeater system
in Grass Valley,
California, and
heard the call.
He took the GPS
coordinates from
Graham and
notified the
U.S. Forest
Service.
“We were
monitoring the
U.S Forest
Service and it
only took about
10 minutes for
them to dispatch
a helicopter to
the area,” said
Graham. “We
watched four
firefighters
rappel down
followed by a
pack of
equipment. The
pair then walked
closer to the
area and started
talking to the
crew, who
thanked them for
the report.
“They put the
out the fires
but radioed for
a helicopter
water drop,
before they left
on foot, with
the gear, to a
nearby pickup
site,” added
Debevec.
After the
firefighters
left, the winds
picked up
dramatically.
Had that
happened
earlier, the
outcome could
have much worse.
Amateur radio
serves
communities
before andWhen
All Else Fails®,
and having a
thriving group
of trained
operators active
in amateur radio
allowed it to
facilitate
emergency
communications
that saved the
day.
My Alinco 330 power
supply which I have
never hut off for
over 7 years finally
needed a a fan
replacement, I
couldn't believe how
much dust was inside
the cabinet. It was
on the floor next to
my bed powering the
Yaesu FTM400....The
fan was just $10.00
on eBay delivered,
still waiting for
it.
MONDAY
EDITION:
Looks like our
balloon is stuck in
Turkey, it must be
enjoying the smoke
from the hash
pipes....
Semiconductor
Simulator Lets Your
Play IC Designer
For circuit
simulation, we have
always been
enthralled with the
Falstad simulator
which is a simple,
Spice-like simulator
that runs in the
browser. [Brandon]
has a simulator,
too, but it
simulates
semiconductor
devices. With help
from [Paul Falstad],
thatsimulator
also runs in the
browser.
This simulator
takes a little
thinking and lets
you build devices as
you might on an IC
die. The key is to
use the dropdown
that initially says
“Interact” to select
a tool. Then, the
drop-down below lets
you select what you
are drawing, which
can be a voltage
source, metal, or
various materials
you find in
semiconductor
devices, like n-type
or a dielectric.
It is a bit
tricky, but if you
check out the
examples first (like
thisdiode),
it gets easier. The
main page has many
examples. You can
even build up entire
subsystems like a
ring oscillator or a
DRAM cell.
Designing at this
level has its own
quirks. For example,
in the real world,
you think of
resistors as
something you can
use with great
precision, and
capacitors are often
“sloppy.” On an IC
substrate, resistors
are often the sloppy
component. While
capacitor values
might not be exact,
it is very easy to
get an extremely
precise ratio of two
capacitors because
the plate size is
tightly controlled.
This leads to a
different mindset
than you are used to
when designing with
discrete components.
Of course, this
is just a
simulation, so
everything can be
perfect. If, for
some reason, you
don’t know about the
Falstad simulator,check
it out now.
HAMS YOU MIGHT KNOW- ALIVE
AND SK
K1TP-
Jon....Editor of As The World
Turns....
WB1ABC-
Ari..Bought an amp and now we
can here him on 75 meters,
worships his wife, obsessed with
Id'ing N1BOW-Phil...Retired
broadcast engineer, confused and
gullible, cheap, only uses
singl ply toilet paper KB1OWO-
Larry...Handsome Fellow
,only cuts lawn in August, plows
snow the rest in Jackman, Maine W1GEK-
Big Mike....Nearfest Cook, big
motor home, electronics software
engineer ... AA1SB-
Neil...Living large traveling
the country with his
girlfriend...loves CW N1YX-
Igor....peddles quality Russian
keys, software engineer K1BGH...Art.....Restores
cars and radio gear, nice fella... N1XW.....Mike-easy
going, Harley riding kind of
guy! K1JEK-Joe...Easy going, can
be found at most ham flea market
...Cobra Antenna builder.. KA1GJU-
Kriss- Tower climbing pilot who
cooks on the side at
Hosstrader's... W1GWU-Bob....one
of the Hosstrader's original
organizers, 75 meter regular,
Tech Wizard!!! K1PV-
Roger....75 meter regular, easy
going guy... W1XER...Scott....easy
going guy, loves to split
cordwood and hunt... KB1VX-
Barry- the picture says it all,
he loves food! KC1BBU-
Bob....the Mud Duck from the
Cape Cod Canal, making a lot of
noise. W1STS- Scott...philosopher,
hat connoisseur,
KB1JXU-
Matthew...75 meter regular...our
token liberal Democrat out of
Florida K1PEK-Steve..Founder
of Davis-RF....my best friend
from high school K9AEN-John...Easy
going ham found at all the ham
fests K1BQT.....Rick....very
talented ham, loves his
politics, has designed gear for
MFJ... W1KQ- Jim- Retired
Air Force
Controller...told quite a few
pilots where to go! N1OOL-Jeff-
The 3936 master plumber and
ragchewer... K1BRS-Bruce-
Computer Tech of 3936...multi
talented kidney stone passing
ham... K1BGH- Arthur, Cape Cod,
construction company/ice cream
shop, hard working man.... W1VAK-
Ed, Cape Cod, lots of experience
in all areas, once was a Jacques
Cousteus body guard.... K1BNH-
Bill- Used to work for a bottled
gas company-we think he has been
around nitrous oxide to long W1HHO- Cal...3941
group K1MPM-
Pete...3941
group WA1JFX-
Russell...3941
SILENT KEYS
Silet Key
KA1BXB-Don...Regular
on 3900 mornings....just
don't
mention
politics
to
him,
please! Silent Key
N1IOM- 3910 colorful
regular Silent Key
WS1D-
Warren- "Windy" - Bullnet Silent Key
KMIG-Rick....75
Meter Regular....teaches the
future of mankind, it's scary! Silent
Key
Neil
-K1YPM
.....a
true
gentleman Silent Key
K1BXI- John.........Dr.
Linux....fine amateur radio op
....wealth of experience... Silent KeyVA2GJB-
Graham...one of the good 14313
guys back in the day. Silent Key
K1BHV-
David...PITA Silent Key
W1JSH-
Mort...Air Force man Silent Key
K1MAN--Glen....PITA
Silent KeyKB1CJG-"Cobby"-
Low key gent can be found on
many of the 75 meter
nets......... Silent KeyWB1AAZ-
Mike, Antrim, NH, auto parts
truck driver-retired Silent KeyWB1DVD-
Gil....Gilly..Gilmore.....easy
going, computer parts selling,
New England Ham.. Silent Key
W1OKQ-
Jack....3936 Wheeling and
Dealing......keeping the boys on
there toes.... Silent Key
W1TCS-
Terry....75 meter
regular, wealth of electronic
knowledge... Silent Key
WIPNR-
Mack....DXCC Master, worked them
all!.. 3864 regular for many
years... Silent Key
WILIM- Hu....SK at 92... 3864
regular for many years... Silent Key
N1SIE-
Dave....Loves to fly Silent Key:N1WBD-
Big Bob- Tallest ham, at 6'10",
of the 3864 group Silent Key:
W1FSK-Steve....Navy
Pilot, HRO Salesman, has owned
every radio ever built! Silent Key:
W4NTI-Vietnam
Dan....far from easy going cw
and ssb op on 14275/313 Silent Key:K1FUB-Bill-
Loved ham radio....